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Obama UNGA Sentence 110: par. 28

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English 1: [Of course, around the globe, we will continue]1 [to be confronted with nations]2 [who reject these lessons of history,]3 [places]2 [where civil strife, border disputes, and sectarian wars bring about terrorist enclaves and humanita-rian disasters.]4

1            2ARG1  3MOD2  4MOD2

English 2: [Of course, around the globe, we will continue]1 [to be confronted with nations]2 [who reject these lessons of history,]3 [places]4 [where civil strife, border disputes, and sectarian wars bring about terrorist enclaves and humanita-rian disasters.]5

1            2ARG1  3MOD2  4MOD2  5MOD4

Mandarin 1 (traditional → simplified):
[當然，在世界各地，我們將會繼續]1 [看到]2 [有些國家拒絕這些歷史的教訓，]3 [我們將會繼續]1 [看到]2 [教派的戰爭，內部的衝突會造成人道主義的災難和恐怖主義的庇護地。]4

Mandarin 1 (simplified → traditional):
[当然，在世界各地，我们将会继续]1 [看到]2 [有些国家拒绝这些历史的教训，]3 [我们将会继续]1 [看到]2 [教派的战争，内部的冲突会造成人道主义的灾难和恐怖主义的庇护地。]4

1            2ARG1  3Δ            4Δ          

Mandarin 2 (traditional → simplified):
[當然，在世界各地，我們將會繼續]1 [看到]2 [有些國家拒絕這些歷史的教訓，]3 [我們將會繼續]1 [看到]2 [教派的戰爭，內部的衝突會造成人道主義的災難和恐怖主義的庇護地。]5

Mandarin 2 (simplified → traditional):
[当然，在世界各地，我们将会继续]1 [看到]2 [有些国家拒绝这些历史的教训，]3 [我们将会继续]1 [看到]2 [教派的战争，内部的冲突会造成人道主义的灾难和恐怖主义的庇护地。]5

1            2ARG1  3Δ            5Δ            4ΔPROM


Mode
Text / Speech
Sentence #		Subordinations
English 1English 2
Simultaneous interpretationObama UNGA110③④

Target language		Reordering
Σi=1n-1 Σj=i+1n     I(xj<xi)		± Nestings
  { }                  {{ }}                {{{ }}}		Semantic changes
Δ
Mandarin 1————②
Mandarin 2————③

Difference in analysis: In “English 1,” “places” is seen as part of a compound argument of the predicate in [2], like saying “nations and places.” In “English 2,” “places” is seen as being in apposition with “nations” in [2]. Recall that apposition is treated as modification in this study. No direct equivalent of “places” appears in Mandarin.

Reason: Either reading can be justified. From the context, the apposition reading would appear more appropriate.

Consequences:

1. The new analysis would lead to a complexity count of 4 rather than 3 subordinate propositions in the original English version of the sentence.

2. The new analysis would lead to a count of 3 rather than 2 changes in semantic relations in the Mandarin translation.